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Geomorphological effects of the Chilean tsunami of 2010 on the coast facing the area of maximum slip, revealed by satellite images and field observations: The case of the sandy coastline of La Trinchera, Maule Region

Authors

  • Cristian Araya Cornejo Pontifica Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile
  • Matías Carvajal Pontifica Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile
No. 52 (2016)
https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-5370.2016.43260

Abstract

The analysis of satellite images together with field observations, allowed the identification and description of the geomorphological consequences of the Chilean tsunami of 2010 in La Trinchera. La Trinchera is a sandy coastline located in front of the area of the earthquake’s maximum slip. The tsunami opened breaches and built fans in beach ridges and dunes; eroded vegetated dunes and formed pedestals; produced a retreat of the coastline of hundreds of meters; formed flood scours up to 350 m long in the southern bank of the Mataquito and Huenchullami rivers; and almost entirely eroded the sand spits of the Mataquito River estuary and part of the sand bar of Huenchullami river. Both the direct effects of the tsunami and the scope of the inundation were controlled by the dominant type of dune which corresponds to barchans and parabolic dunes. Since the tsunami several processes have been observed, such as proliferation of sand sheets, transformations in the morphology of dunes and rapid recovery of the sand spits of the Mataquito River estuary. All of these processes suggest an alteration in the exchange of sediment in the beach-dune system.

Keywords:

2010 Chile tsunami, geomorphology, sandy coast, satellite images.

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How to Cite
Araya Cornejo, C., & Carvajal, M. (2016). Geomorphological effects of the Chilean tsunami of 2010 on the coast facing the area of maximum slip, revealed by satellite images and field observations: The case of the sandy coastline of La Trinchera, Maule Region. Investigaciones Geográficas, (52), pp. 5–24. https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-5370.2016.43260
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Investigaciones Geográficas
Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo
Universidad de Chile
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